Open challenger datasets

import oceanbench

oceanbench.__version__

'0.6.0'

Insert here the code that opens the challenger dataset as challenger_dataset: xarray.Dataset

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Mercator Ocean International <https://www.mercator-ocean.eu/>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: EUPL-1.2

# Open XiHe 1 degree base challenger forecasts with xarray
import xarray
import oceanbench

challenger_dataset: xarray.Dataset = oceanbench.datasets.challenger.xihe_1_degree()

challenger_dataset

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 12GB
Dimensions:                          (first_day_datetime: 52,
                                      lead_day_index: 10, depth: 23,
                                      latitude: 170, longitude: 360)
Coordinates:
  * depth                            (depth) float32 92B 0.494 2.646 ... 643.6
  * lead_day_index                   (lead_day_index) int64 80B 0 1 2 ... 7 8 9
  * first_day_datetime               (first_day_datetime) datetime64[ns] 416B ...
  * latitude                         (latitude) float64 1kB -79.5 -78.5 ... 89.5
  * longitude                        (longitude) float64 3kB -179.5 ... 179.5
Data variables:
    sea_water_salinity               (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 3GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>
    sea_water_potential_temperature  (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 3GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>
    eastward_sea_water_velocity      (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 3GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>
    northward_sea_water_velocity     (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 3GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>
    sea_surface_height_above_geoid   (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, latitude, longitude) float32 127MB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>
Attributes:
    Conventions:                   CF-1.8
    challenger:                    xihe
    forecast_reference_time:       2024-01-02
    oceanbench_source_kind:        challenger
    oceanbench_source_name:        xihe
    oceanbench_source_resolution:  one_degree

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • first_day_datetime: 52
  • lead_day_index: 10
  • depth: 23
  • latitude: 170
  • longitude: 360
• Coordinates: (5)
  • depth
    (depth)
    float32
    0.494 2.646 5.078 ... 541.1 643.6

    axis :

    Z

    long_name :

    Depth

    positive :

    down

    standard_name :

    depth

    units :

    m

    array([4.940000e-01, 2.645700e+00, 5.078200e+00, 7.929600e+00, 1.140500e+01,
           1.581010e+01, 2.159880e+01, 2.944470e+01, 4.034410e+01, 5.576430e+01,
           7.785390e+01, 9.232610e+01, 1.097293e+02, 1.306660e+02, 1.558507e+02,
           1.861256e+02, 2.224752e+02, 2.660403e+02, 3.181274e+02, 3.802130e+02,
           4.539377e+02, 5.410889e+02, 6.435668e+02], dtype=float32)

  • lead_day_index
    (lead_day_index)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

    array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])

  • first_day_datetime
    (first_day_datetime)
    datetime64[ns]
    2024-01-03 ... 2024-12-25

    array(['2024-01-03T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-01-10T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-01-17T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-01-24T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-01-31T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-02-07T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-02-14T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-02-21T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-02-28T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-03-06T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-03-13T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-03-20T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-03-27T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-04-03T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-04-10T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-04-17T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-04-24T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-05-01T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-05-08T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-05-15T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-05-22T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-05-29T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-06-05T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-06-12T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-06-19T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-06-26T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-07-03T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-07-10T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-07-17T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-07-24T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-07-31T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-08-07T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-08-14T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-08-21T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-08-28T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-09-04T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-09-11T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-09-18T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-09-25T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-10-02T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-10-09T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-10-16T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-10-23T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-10-30T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-11-06T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-11-13T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-11-20T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-11-27T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-12-04T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-12-11T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-12-18T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-12-25T00:00:00.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • latitude
    (latitude)
    float64
    -79.5 -78.5 -77.5 ... 88.5 89.5

    axis :

    Y

    long_name :

    Latitude

    standard_name :

    latitude

    units :

    degrees_north

    array([-79.5, -78.5, -77.5, -76.5, -75.5, -74.5, -73.5, -72.5, -71.5, -70.5,
           -69.5, -68.5, -67.5, -66.5, -65.5, -64.5, -63.5, -62.5, -61.5, -60.5,
           -59.5, -58.5, -57.5, -56.5, -55.5, -54.5, -53.5, -52.5, -51.5, -50.5,
           -49.5, -48.5, -47.5, -46.5, -45.5, -44.5, -43.5, -42.5, -41.5, -40.5,
           -39.5, -38.5, -37.5, -36.5, -35.5, -34.5, -33.5, -32.5, -31.5, -30.5,
           -29.5, -28.5, -27.5, -26.5, -25.5, -24.5, -23.5, -22.5, -21.5, -20.5,
           -19.5, -18.5, -17.5, -16.5, -15.5, -14.5, -13.5, -12.5, -11.5, -10.5,
            -9.5,  -8.5,  -7.5,  -6.5,  -5.5,  -4.5,  -3.5,  -2.5,  -1.5,  -0.5,
             0.5,   1.5,   2.5,   3.5,   4.5,   5.5,   6.5,   7.5,   8.5,   9.5,
            10.5,  11.5,  12.5,  13.5,  14.5,  15.5,  16.5,  17.5,  18.5,  19.5,
            20.5,  21.5,  22.5,  23.5,  24.5,  25.5,  26.5,  27.5,  28.5,  29.5,
            30.5,  31.5,  32.5,  33.5,  34.5,  35.5,  36.5,  37.5,  38.5,  39.5,
            40.5,  41.5,  42.5,  43.5,  44.5,  45.5,  46.5,  47.5,  48.5,  49.5,
            50.5,  51.5,  52.5,  53.5,  54.5,  55.5,  56.5,  57.5,  58.5,  59.5,
            60.5,  61.5,  62.5,  63.5,  64.5,  65.5,  66.5,  67.5,  68.5,  69.5,
            70.5,  71.5,  72.5,  73.5,  74.5,  75.5,  76.5,  77.5,  78.5,  79.5,
            80.5,  81.5,  82.5,  83.5,  84.5,  85.5,  86.5,  87.5,  88.5,  89.5])

  • longitude
    (longitude)
    float64
    -179.5 -178.5 ... 178.5 179.5

    axis :

    X

    long_name :

    Longitude

    standard_name :

    longitude

    units :

    degrees_east

    array([-179.5, -178.5, -177.5, ...,  177.5,  178.5,  179.5], shape=(360,))

• Data variables: (5)
  • sea_water_salinity
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Salinity

    standard_name :

    sea_water_salinity

    units :

    1e-3

    Array Chunk Bytes 2.73 GiB 239.06 kiB Shape (52, 10, 23, 170, 360) (1, 1, 1, 170, 360) Dask graph 11960 chunks in 176 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • sea_water_potential_temperature
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Temperature

    standard_name :

    sea_water_potential_temperature

    units :

    degrees_C

    Array Chunk Bytes 2.73 GiB 239.06 kiB Shape (52, 10, 23, 170, 360) (1, 1, 1, 170, 360) Dask graph 11960 chunks in 176 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • eastward_sea_water_velocity
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Eastward velocity

    standard_name :

    eastward_sea_water_velocity

    units :

    m s-1

    Array Chunk Bytes 2.73 GiB 239.06 kiB Shape (52, 10, 23, 170, 360) (1, 1, 1, 170, 360) Dask graph 11960 chunks in 176 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • northward_sea_water_velocity
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Northward velocity

    standard_name :

    northward_sea_water_velocity

    units :

    m s-1

    Array Chunk Bytes 2.73 GiB 239.06 kiB Shape (52, 10, 23, 170, 360) (1, 1, 1, 170, 360) Dask graph 11960 chunks in 176 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • sea_surface_height_above_geoid
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 170, 360), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Sea surface height

    standard_name :

    sea_surface_height_above_geoid

    units :

    m

    Array Chunk Bytes 121.40 MiB 239.06 kiB Shape (52, 10, 170, 360) (1, 1, 170, 360) Dask graph 520 chunks in 176 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

• Indexes: (5)
  • depth
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([0.49399998784065247,   2.645699977874756,   5.078199863433838,
             7.929599761962891,  11.404999732971191,  15.810099601745605,
            21.598800659179688,  29.444700241088867,   40.34410095214844,
             55.76430130004883,   77.85389709472656,   92.32610321044922,
            109.72930145263672,  130.66600036621094,  155.85069274902344,
            186.12559509277344,  222.47520446777344,   266.0403137207031,
             318.1274108886719,   380.2130126953125,   453.9377136230469,
             541.0889282226562,   643.5667724609375],
          dtype='float32', name='depth'))

  • lead_day_index
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], dtype='int64', name='lead_day_index'))

  • first_day_datetime
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2024-01-03', '2024-01-10', '2024-01-17', '2024-01-24',
                   '2024-01-31', '2024-02-07', '2024-02-14', '2024-02-21',
                   '2024-02-28', '2024-03-06', '2024-03-13', '2024-03-20',
                   '2024-03-27', '2024-04-03', '2024-04-10', '2024-04-17',
                   '2024-04-24', '2024-05-01', '2024-05-08', '2024-05-15',
                   '2024-05-22', '2024-05-29', '2024-06-05', '2024-06-12',
                   '2024-06-19', '2024-06-26', '2024-07-03', '2024-07-10',
                   '2024-07-17', '2024-07-24', '2024-07-31', '2024-08-07',
                   '2024-08-14', '2024-08-21', '2024-08-28', '2024-09-04',
                   '2024-09-11', '2024-09-18', '2024-09-25', '2024-10-02',
                   '2024-10-09', '2024-10-16', '2024-10-23', '2024-10-30',
                   '2024-11-06', '2024-11-13', '2024-11-20', '2024-11-27',
                   '2024-12-04', '2024-12-11', '2024-12-18', '2024-12-25'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='first_day_datetime', freq=None))

  • latitude
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([-79.5, -78.5, -77.5, -76.5, -75.5, -74.5, -73.5, -72.5, -71.5, -70.5,
           ...
            80.5,  81.5,  82.5,  83.5,  84.5,  85.5,  86.5,  87.5,  88.5,  89.5],
          dtype='float64', name='latitude', length=170))

  • longitude
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([-179.5, -178.5, -177.5, -176.5, -175.5, -174.5, -173.5, -172.5, -171.5,
           -170.5,
           ...
            170.5,  171.5,  172.5,  173.5,  174.5,  175.5,  176.5,  177.5,  178.5,
            179.5],
          dtype='float64', name='longitude', length=360))

• Attributes: (6)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.8

  challenger :

  xihe

  forecast_reference_time :

  2024-01-02

  oceanbench_source_kind :

  challenger

  oceanbench_source_name :

  xihe

  oceanbench_source_resolution :

  one_degree

Evaluation configuration

region = 'global'

Evaluation of challenger dataset using OceanBench

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of variables compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_variables_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Missing fraction
Sea surface height (m) [sea_surface_height_above_geoid]{surface}	0.075570	0.086929	0.083875	0.083761	0.083105	0.087690	0.086607	0.087239	0.091261	0.090847	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{surface}	0.629045	0.636480	0.643519	0.667922	0.675028	0.700584	0.675927	0.747664	0.771077	0.782374	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{surface}	0.508806	0.505057	0.514057	0.517427	0.514225	0.507349	0.508124	0.506182	0.510984	0.495461	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.132434	0.130041	0.130441	0.130576	0.131448	0.131675	0.130350	0.131377	0.130951	0.131461	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.135311	0.132379	0.133028	0.133948	0.135462	0.135290	0.134410	0.136013	0.136340	0.136188	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{50m}	0.864133	0.850783	0.842428	0.866085	0.868353	0.889435	0.879857	0.893062	0.893336	0.927213	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{50m}	0.250668	0.253565	0.254680	0.252193	0.257452	0.254848	0.250854	0.253953	0.255857	0.260663	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.121507	0.118678	0.118426	0.117670	0.118111	0.118268	0.116451	0.117580	0.116852	0.116721	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.123043	0.120138	0.120032	0.119409	0.120074	0.119546	0.118989	0.119896	0.119907	0.119834	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{100m}	1.044928	1.067140	1.080653	1.085880	1.087216	1.100380	1.094392	1.131064	1.144151	1.169760	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{100m}	0.181193	0.182352	0.180798	0.181300	0.181875	0.180519	0.183305	0.183594	0.185384	0.184773	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.117466	0.114257	0.113579	0.111603	0.111757	0.111568	0.109631	0.110448	0.109525	0.109301	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.122835	0.119634	0.118852	0.116688	0.116993	0.116216	0.114717	0.115604	0.115211	0.115113	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{200m}	0.886093	0.859195	0.887599	0.837502	0.876642	0.857981	0.866436	0.891506	0.871327	0.880197	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{200m}	0.144963	0.146194	0.146968	0.143278	0.144374	0.144409	0.140834	0.142428	0.140528	0.142132	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.113241	0.116345	0.114441	0.110834	0.111105	0.110714	0.110534	0.110756	0.109345	0.108773	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.119610	0.122404	0.120891	0.117472	0.118034	0.117192	0.116537	0.116862	0.115706	0.114821	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{300m}	0.751638	0.712519	0.735815	0.700221	0.735321	0.730440	0.710186	0.741026	0.736051	0.735035	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{300m}	0.117605	0.118926	0.121809	0.117869	0.118543	0.118917	0.114346	0.117380	0.114621	0.117257	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.110070	0.113540	0.111876	0.108123	0.108363	0.107982	0.107757	0.107704	0.106392	0.105663	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.115403	0.118271	0.117043	0.113341	0.113816	0.113377	0.113052	0.112975	0.111817	0.110691	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{500m}	0.561302	0.540078	0.548772	0.532088	0.554403	0.549595	0.536490	0.559996	0.553149	0.549974	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{500m}	0.087476	0.089586	0.088922	0.087958	0.087144	0.089145	0.085770	0.087625	0.086320	0.087867	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.100370	0.104025	0.102561	0.098803	0.099061	0.098555	0.098222	0.097622	0.096710	0.096079	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.104829	0.108308	0.107135	0.103435	0.103856	0.103353	0.102736	0.102319	0.101681	0.100787	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_mixed_layer_depth_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Missing fraction
Mixed layer depth (m) [ocean_mixed_layer_thickness]{surface}	62.452307	62.875902	63.015641	68.695841	62.793312	63.19482	68.80501	65.979255	69.02298	63.138891	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of geostrophic currents compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_geostrophic_currents_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Missing fraction
Meridional geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.056467	0.057623	0.058981	0.060147	0.061591	0.063083	0.063153	0.065633	0.066581	0.067148	0.000022
Zonal geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.050248	0.051473	0.053084	0.053763	0.055154	0.056043	0.055925	0.058371	0.059460	0.060298	0.000005

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of variables compared to observations

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_variables_compared_to_observations(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Observations	Missing
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{surface}	0.801167	0.825634	0.794671	0.832985	0.841674	0.899993	0.882479	0.906608	0.951405	0.916572	150081	1972
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{0-5m}	0.804117	0.834475	0.854085	0.886462	0.889731	0.912748	0.924149	0.918309	0.962883	0.993479	80763	1828
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{5-100m}	0.924919	0.937271	0.909205	0.960833	0.951442	0.970755	0.970613	0.996453	1.011097	1.033897	1334564	49338
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{100-300m}	0.840826	0.840401	0.820090	0.847134	0.859227	0.838093	0.868003	0.860197	0.870846	0.869429	2117343	87320
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{300-600m}	0.577910	0.561289	0.552746	0.569637	0.578857	0.571776	0.589490	0.590118	0.603814	0.590682	2622487	111918
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{0-5m}	0.248820	0.275579	0.274090	0.296658	0.274663	0.276187	0.273129	0.264068	0.293186	0.291648	68940	1586
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{5-100m}	0.189561	0.198617	0.200911	0.206314	0.207307	0.203533	0.207322	0.201839	0.211465	0.214200	1136708	44334
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{100-300m}	0.127413	0.129232	0.127484	0.129530	0.130225	0.125689	0.133749	0.128435	0.130703	0.133069	1803408	80664
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{300-600m}	0.080014	0.081304	0.078455	0.081081	0.080052	0.079195	0.083234	0.082031	0.082930	0.082048	2225476	101572
Sea level anomaly (m) [sea_surface_height_above_geoid]{surface}	0.056596	0.058279	0.058219	0.060176	0.061741	0.063758	0.066114	0.064904	0.067314	0.068468	15390586	473474
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{15m}	0.136766	0.135000	0.136064	0.136495	0.136531	0.135199	0.135701	0.136905	0.138072	0.139178	1202530	10262
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{15m}	0.125780	0.124392	0.125285	0.126690	0.126866	0.127084	0.127719	0.127928	0.128087	0.129237	1202530	10262

Deviation of Lagrangian trajectories compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.deviation_of_lagrangian_trajectories_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10
Lagrangian trajectory deviation (km) []{surface}	10.811238	19.67086	27.390156	34.466812	41.179886	47.55344	53.701748	59.758621	65.697556

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of variables compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_variables_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Missing fraction
Sea surface height (m) [sea_surface_height_above_geoid]{surface}	0.036044	0.044922	0.046168	0.049049	0.052567	0.056760	0.059690	0.060432	0.063376	0.064595	0.000000
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{surface}	0.456806	0.485329	0.497096	0.545564	0.569047	0.610401	0.602046	0.676691	0.688752	0.711517	0.000000
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{surface}	0.246261	0.292767	0.286325	0.306899	0.314381	0.334051	0.345044	0.357038	0.365030	0.385088	0.000000
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.060865	0.073833	0.083899	0.092733	0.101374	0.108565	0.115279	0.121509	0.124720	0.127940	0.000000
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.065104	0.076736	0.086084	0.095822	0.104461	0.112397	0.118811	0.125906	0.130195	0.132792	0.000000
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{50m}	0.761572	0.754286	0.756852	0.806457	0.824461	0.847675	0.895106	0.879982	0.883820	0.912142	0.000021
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{50m}	0.127392	0.137413	0.143564	0.148953	0.160046	0.163626	0.159918	0.169137	0.174999	0.180819	0.000021
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.049437	0.057787	0.065838	0.073434	0.081293	0.088906	0.095636	0.102401	0.105652	0.108971	0.000021
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.052578	0.061133	0.069118	0.078255	0.084678	0.092377	0.100763	0.106846	0.110980	0.114348	0.000021
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{100m}	0.571857	0.607910	0.623107	0.670795	0.698669	0.740514	0.771719	0.817360	0.842196	0.869220	0.000291
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{100m}	0.097505	0.108115	0.107750	0.119830	0.120995	0.125386	0.128673	0.133476	0.137090	0.136376	0.000291
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.042431	0.052868	0.060621	0.067779	0.075596	0.082894	0.089215	0.095494	0.098846	0.101790	0.000291
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.042785	0.054371	0.062447	0.070174	0.077779	0.085111	0.091535	0.097666	0.101507	0.104409	0.000291
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{200m}	0.458694	0.420572	0.430735	0.481569	0.494169	0.516047	0.556144	0.582797	0.581313	0.595458	0.000288
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{200m}	0.076128	0.075435	0.074166	0.084266	0.085017	0.089152	0.095024	0.098356	0.099919	0.101102	0.000288
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.064505	0.040355	0.045042	0.052831	0.057752	0.064439	0.070570	0.075956	0.078661	0.081533	0.000288
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.058921	0.039786	0.044429	0.052592	0.057016	0.063348	0.069583	0.074664	0.077556	0.080460	0.000288
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{300m}	0.403297	0.352099	0.363387	0.404846	0.422271	0.439994	0.471952	0.499603	0.504760	0.513819	0.000156
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{300m}	0.066354	0.063707	0.065388	0.071355	0.073283	0.076839	0.081326	0.084157	0.085282	0.086876	0.000156
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.059216	0.037278	0.041837	0.049337	0.053895	0.060106	0.065961	0.071144	0.073812	0.076607	0.000156
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.053605	0.036192	0.040872	0.048383	0.052709	0.058462	0.064503	0.069326	0.072049	0.074843	0.000156
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{500m}	0.317520	0.286984	0.282695	0.324623	0.333883	0.344247	0.372463	0.392884	0.396103	0.401230	0.000211
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{500m}	0.054759	0.054114	0.052518	0.058087	0.057976	0.061622	0.063805	0.065678	0.065657	0.067302	0.000211
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.049683	0.033505	0.037834	0.044706	0.048511	0.053578	0.058952	0.063311	0.065694	0.068140	0.000211
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.044436	0.032473	0.036917	0.043897	0.047444	0.052196	0.057526	0.061693	0.064122	0.066603	0.000211

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_mixed_layer_depth_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Missing fraction
Mixed layer depth (m) [ocean_mixed_layer_thickness]{surface}	58.51427	57.82844	58.935502	64.568557	58.026652	59.007847	65.078073	62.322831	65.975971	58.858694	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of geostrophic currents compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_geostrophic_currents_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10	Missing fraction
Meridional geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.037335	0.040185	0.042449	0.044949	0.048034	0.051219	0.053385	0.057539	0.059522	0.060920	0.0
Zonal geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.035503	0.037826	0.040026	0.041965	0.044405	0.046719	0.048209	0.051925	0.053861	0.055269	0.0

Deviation of Lagrangian trajectories compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.deviation_of_lagrangian_trajectories_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Lead day 8	Lead day 9	Lead day 10
Lagrangian trajectory deviation (km) []{surface}	5.378439	10.496729	15.26749	19.995695	24.910666	29.980228	35.221672	40.674885	46.218994