Open challenger datasets

import oceanbench

oceanbench.__version__

'0.6.0'

Insert here the code that opens the challenger dataset as challenger_dataset: xarray.Dataset

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Mercator Ocean International <https://www.mercator-ocean.eu/>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: EUPL-1.2

# Open LangYa forecasts with xarray
import xarray
import oceanbench

challenger_dataset: xarray.Dataset = oceanbench.datasets.challenger.langya()

challenger_dataset

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 2TB
Dimensions:             (first_day_datetime: 52, lead_day_index: 7, depth: 32,
                         latitude: 2041, longitude: 4320)
Coordinates:
  * depth               (depth) float32 128B 0.494 1.541 2.646 ... 453.9 541.1
  * latitude            (latitude) float64 16kB -80.0 -79.92 ... 89.92 90.0
  * lead_day_index      (lead_day_index) int64 56B 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
  * longitude           (longitude) float64 35kB -180.0 -179.9 ... 179.8 179.9
  * first_day_datetime  (first_day_datetime) datetime64[ns] 416B 2024-01-03 ....
Data variables:
    so                  (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 411GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>
    thetao              (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 411GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>
    uo                  (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 411GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>
    vo                  (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude) float32 411GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>
    zos                 (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, latitude, longitude) float32 13GB dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>
Attributes:
    Conventions:              CF-1.8
    challenger:               langya
    forecast_reference_time:  2024-01-02
    oceanbench_source_kind:   challenger
    oceanbench_source_name:   langya

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • first_day_datetime: 52
  • lead_day_index: 7
  • depth: 32
  • latitude: 2041
  • longitude: 4320
• Coordinates: (5)
  • depth
    (depth)
    float32
    0.494 1.541 2.646 ... 453.9 541.1

    axis :

    Z

    long_name :

    Depth

    positive :

    down

    standard_name :

    depth

    units :

    m

    array([4.940250e-01, 1.541375e+00, 2.645669e+00, 3.819495e+00, 5.078224e+00,
           6.440614e+00, 7.929560e+00, 9.572997e+00, 1.140500e+01, 1.346714e+01,
           1.581007e+01, 1.849556e+01, 2.159882e+01, 2.521141e+01, 2.944473e+01,
           3.443415e+01, 4.034405e+01, 4.737369e+01, 5.576429e+01, 6.580727e+01,
           7.785385e+01, 9.232607e+01, 1.097293e+02, 1.306660e+02, 1.558507e+02,
           1.861256e+02, 2.224752e+02, 2.660403e+02, 3.181274e+02, 3.802130e+02,
           4.539377e+02, 5.410889e+02], dtype=float32)

  • latitude
    (latitude)
    float64
    -80.0 -79.92 -79.83 ... 89.92 90.0

    axis :

    Y

    long_name :

    Latitude

    standard_name :

    latitude

    units :

    degrees_north

    array([-80.      , -79.916667, -79.833333, ...,  89.833333,  89.916667,
            90.      ], shape=(2041,))

  • lead_day_index
    (lead_day_index)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6

    array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])

  • longitude
    (longitude)
    float64
    -180.0 -179.9 ... 179.8 179.9

    axis :

    X

    long_name :

    Longitude

    standard_name :

    longitude

    units :

    degrees_east

    array([-180.      , -179.916667, -179.833333, ...,  179.75    ,  179.833333,
            179.916667], shape=(4320,))

  • first_day_datetime
    (first_day_datetime)
    datetime64[ns]
    2024-01-03 ... 2024-12-25

    array(['2024-01-03T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-01-10T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-01-17T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-01-24T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-01-31T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-02-07T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-02-14T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-02-21T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-02-28T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-03-06T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-03-13T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-03-20T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-03-27T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-04-03T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-04-10T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-04-17T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-04-24T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-05-01T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-05-08T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-05-15T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-05-22T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-05-29T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-06-05T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-06-12T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-06-19T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-06-26T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-07-03T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-07-10T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-07-17T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-07-24T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-07-31T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-08-07T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-08-14T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-08-21T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-08-28T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-09-04T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-09-11T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-09-18T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-09-25T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-10-02T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-10-09T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-10-16T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-10-23T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-10-30T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-11-06T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-11-13T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-11-20T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-11-27T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-12-04T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-12-11T00:00:00.000000000',
           '2024-12-18T00:00:00.000000000', '2024-12-25T00:00:00.000000000'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

• Data variables: (5)
  • so
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Salinity

    standard_name :

    sea_water_salinity

    units :

    1e-3

    Array Chunk Bytes 382.59 GiB 512.00 kiB Shape (52, 7, 32, 2041, 4320) (1, 1, 1, 256, 512) Dask graph 838656 chunks in 157 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • thetao
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Temperature

    standard_name :

    sea_water_potential_temperature

    units :

    degrees_C

    Array Chunk Bytes 382.59 GiB 512.00 kiB Shape (52, 7, 32, 2041, 4320) (1, 1, 1, 256, 512) Dask graph 838656 chunks in 157 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • uo
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Eastward velocity

    standard_name :

    eastward_sea_water_velocity

    units :

    m s-1

    Array Chunk Bytes 382.59 GiB 512.00 kiB Shape (52, 7, 32, 2041, 4320) (1, 1, 1, 256, 512) Dask graph 838656 chunks in 157 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • vo
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, depth, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Northward velocity

    standard_name :

    northward_sea_water_velocity

    units :

    m s-1

    Array Chunk Bytes 382.59 GiB 512.00 kiB Shape (52, 7, 32, 2041, 4320) (1, 1, 1, 256, 512) Dask graph 838656 chunks in 157 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

  • zos
    (first_day_datetime, lead_day_index, latitude, longitude)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 1, 256, 512), meta=np.ndarray>

    long_name :

    Sea surface height

    standard_name :

    sea_surface_height_above_geoid

    units :

    m

    Array Chunk Bytes 11.96 GiB 512.00 kiB Shape (52, 7, 2041, 4320) (1, 1, 256, 512) Dask graph 26208 chunks in 157 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

• Indexes: (5)
  • depth
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([0.49402499198913574,  1.5413750410079956,  2.6456689834594727,
            3.8194949626922607,   5.078224182128906,   6.440614223480225,
              7.92956018447876,   9.572997093200684,  11.404999732971191,
            13.467140197753906,  15.810070037841797,  18.495559692382812,
            21.598819732666016,  25.211410522460938,  29.444730758666992,
             34.43415069580078,  40.344051361083984,   47.37369155883789,
             55.76428985595703,   65.80726623535156,   77.85385131835938,
              92.3260726928711,  109.72930145263672,  130.66600036621094,
            155.85069274902344,  186.12559509277344,  222.47520446777344,
             266.0403137207031,   318.1274108886719,   380.2130126953125,
             453.9377136230469,   541.0889282226562],
          dtype='float32', name='depth'))

  • latitude
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([             -80.0, -79.91666666666667, -79.83333333333333,
                       -79.75, -79.66666666666667, -79.58333333333333,
                        -79.5, -79.41666666666667, -79.33333333333333,
                       -79.25,
           ...
                        89.25,  89.33333333333334,  89.41666666666666,
                         89.5,  89.58333333333334,  89.66666666666666,
                        89.75,  89.83333333333334,  89.91666666666666,
                         90.0],
          dtype='float64', name='latitude', length=2041))

  • lead_day_index
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], dtype='int64', name='lead_day_index'))

  • longitude
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(Index([             -180.0, -179.91666666666666, -179.83333333333334,
                       -179.75, -179.66666666666666, -179.58333333333334,
                        -179.5, -179.41666666666666, -179.33333333333334,
                       -179.25,
           ...
            179.16666666666669,              179.25,  179.33333333333331,
            179.41666666666669,               179.5,  179.58333333333331,
            179.66666666666669,              179.75,  179.83333333333331,
            179.91666666666669],
          dtype='float64', name='longitude', length=4320))

  • first_day_datetime
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2024-01-03', '2024-01-10', '2024-01-17', '2024-01-24',
                   '2024-01-31', '2024-02-07', '2024-02-14', '2024-02-21',
                   '2024-02-28', '2024-03-06', '2024-03-13', '2024-03-20',
                   '2024-03-27', '2024-04-03', '2024-04-10', '2024-04-17',
                   '2024-04-24', '2024-05-01', '2024-05-08', '2024-05-15',
                   '2024-05-22', '2024-05-29', '2024-06-05', '2024-06-12',
                   '2024-06-19', '2024-06-26', '2024-07-03', '2024-07-10',
                   '2024-07-17', '2024-07-24', '2024-07-31', '2024-08-07',
                   '2024-08-14', '2024-08-21', '2024-08-28', '2024-09-04',
                   '2024-09-11', '2024-09-18', '2024-09-25', '2024-10-02',
                   '2024-10-09', '2024-10-16', '2024-10-23', '2024-10-30',
                   '2024-11-06', '2024-11-13', '2024-11-20', '2024-11-27',
                   '2024-12-04', '2024-12-11', '2024-12-18', '2024-12-25'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='first_day_datetime', freq=None))

• Attributes: (5)

  Conventions :

  CF-1.8

  challenger :

  langya

  forecast_reference_time :

  2024-01-02

  oceanbench_source_kind :

  challenger

  oceanbench_source_name :

  langya

Evaluation configuration

region = 'global'

Evaluation of challenger dataset using OceanBench

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of variables compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_variables_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Missing fraction
Sea surface height (m) [sea_surface_height_above_geoid]{surface}	0.072023	0.073918	0.072891	0.073820	0.074834	0.078550	0.081114	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{surface}	0.687360	0.670888	0.576500	0.589326	0.602323	0.651077	0.709682	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{surface}	0.631916	0.636078	0.638657	0.643254	0.646737	0.652201	0.657460	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.134061	0.133371	0.133055	0.133195	0.133054	0.143322	0.148549	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.138142	0.138491	0.138966	0.139325	0.139536	0.148618	0.153138	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{50m}	0.950404	0.950264	0.919001	0.922108	0.924642	0.968531	1.001719	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{50m}	0.255754	0.256806	0.256516	0.257403	0.258462	0.261613	0.264048	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.121125	0.120621	0.122133	0.121976	0.121637	0.130144	0.134482	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.123707	0.123929	0.125717	0.125674	0.125389	0.132617	0.136603	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{100m}	1.109991	1.110378	1.107677	1.113160	1.117255	1.153011	1.178470	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{100m}	0.200461	0.200645	0.200802	0.201295	0.201938	0.203815	0.205066	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.117668	0.117268	0.118865	0.118585	0.118084	0.125005	0.128605	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.123853	0.123834	0.125168	0.124881	0.124522	0.130638	0.133684	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{200m}	0.915597	0.915726	0.917669	0.919395	0.921643	0.937164	0.946815	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{200m}	0.163441	0.163482	0.163669	0.163928	0.164310	0.165604	0.166450	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.114422	0.114321	0.116194	0.115673	0.114889	0.118583	0.119920	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.121445	0.121442	0.123211	0.122469	0.121601	0.125303	0.126358	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{300m}	0.773085	0.772940	0.775136	0.776386	0.778170	0.791211	0.798832	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{300m}	0.136481	0.136479	0.136693	0.136904	0.137220	0.138365	0.139131	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.111761	0.111690	0.113587	0.112975	0.112153	0.115396	0.116337	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.116901	0.116902	0.118713	0.118014	0.117161	0.120230	0.120948	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{500m}	0.593490	0.594044	0.596992	0.598689	0.600963	0.610382	0.616975	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{500m}	0.103536	0.103617	0.103866	0.104105	0.104427	0.105136	0.105770	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.102574	0.102618	0.104180	0.103518	0.102744	0.105627	0.106327	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.107471	0.107505	0.109105	0.108550	0.107916	0.110194	0.110620	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_mixed_layer_depth_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Missing fraction
Mixed layer depth (m) [ocean_mixed_layer_thickness]{surface}	41.253272	39.992063	37.18128	38.132036	38.904035	40.362156	41.616102	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of geostrophic currents compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_geostrophic_currents_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Missing fraction
Meridional geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.123343	0.124640	0.122665	0.123420	0.123785	0.130697	0.136132	0.000617
Zonal geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.122453	0.123575	0.121929	0.122726	0.123036	0.128737	0.133264	0.000791

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of variables compared to observations

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_variables_compared_to_observations(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Observations	Missing
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{surface}	0.898217	0.886106	0.781433	0.815983	0.843543	0.910887	0.947054	150081	0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{0-5m}	0.868807	0.877118	0.798953	0.840933	0.850407	0.893740	0.960126	80763	0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{5-100m}	0.951613	0.948679	0.904438	0.934514	0.931300	0.958955	1.002647	1334564	0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{100-300m}	0.828142	0.845298	0.831370	0.832379	0.848033	0.853981	0.885734	2117343	0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{300-600m}	0.571472	0.581257	0.576598	0.572374	0.578991	0.611523	0.616306	2622487	0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{0-5m}	0.268936	0.296227	0.284559	0.334022	0.289379	0.297324	0.298252	68940	0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{5-100m}	0.206719	0.213251	0.214807	0.219640	0.218409	0.218584	0.224387	1136708	0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{100-300m}	0.135552	0.137071	0.137818	0.136020	0.139058	0.137419	0.144991	1803408	0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{300-600m}	0.089102	0.089130	0.088545	0.088297	0.088440	0.092065	0.092388	2225476	0
Sea level anomaly (m) [sea_surface_height_above_geoid]{surface}	0.051004	0.052511	0.051108	0.052805	0.054089	0.059217	0.061926	15390586	0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{15m}	0.135629	0.137673	0.139537	0.139740	0.138664	0.141184	0.145725	1202530	0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{15m}	0.130581	0.129566	0.130791	0.132150	0.132722	0.137260	0.140239	1202530	0

Deviation of Lagrangian trajectories compared to GLORYS reanalysis

oceanbench.metrics.deviation_of_lagrangian_trajectories_compared_to_glorys_reanalysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7
Lagrangian trajectory deviation (km) []{surface}	12.38875	23.579247	33.957729	43.985416	53.537163	62.85239

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of variables compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_variables_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Missing fraction
Sea surface height (m) [sea_surface_height_above_geoid]{surface}	0.029689	0.034530	0.033617	0.037379	0.041130	0.049836	0.054226	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{surface}	0.457759	0.460383	0.352981	0.399456	0.439768	0.526843	0.602856	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{surface}	0.120910	0.173950	0.205135	0.230620	0.250193	0.270741	0.288437	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.103623	0.101191	0.089492	0.096429	0.103086	0.126961	0.139002	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.102009	0.102854	0.092702	0.099850	0.107074	0.129163	0.141546	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{50m}	0.416423	0.475883	0.475786	0.524572	0.570010	0.665485	0.734612	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{50m}	0.066508	0.091326	0.107518	0.121567	0.133319	0.147055	0.157058	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.081154	0.079229	0.071378	0.077999	0.084442	0.108298	0.119969	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{50m}	0.076403	0.077828	0.073134	0.079865	0.086557	0.107933	0.119281	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{100m}	0.403624	0.474945	0.500459	0.559519	0.614333	0.722861	0.799955	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{100m}	0.053362	0.073794	0.088774	0.101436	0.111838	0.123245	0.131221	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.071744	0.071180	0.065264	0.071762	0.078241	0.100182	0.111238	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{100m}	0.067123	0.070536	0.068760	0.075557	0.082083	0.101124	0.111119	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{200m}	0.275606	0.332807	0.371508	0.424310	0.471437	0.550642	0.601606	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{200m}	0.040561	0.057612	0.070660	0.081571	0.090585	0.100263	0.107295	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.057472	0.057676	0.053649	0.059835	0.065871	0.084345	0.093903	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{200m}	0.051435	0.053791	0.053273	0.059643	0.065768	0.082235	0.090615	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{300m}	0.225170	0.278033	0.318068	0.365802	0.407809	0.475619	0.518118	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{300m}	0.033346	0.048117	0.059486	0.068854	0.076563	0.084785	0.090858	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.052882	0.053423	0.050200	0.056313	0.062214	0.079390	0.088456	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{300m}	0.047157	0.049329	0.048777	0.054934	0.060789	0.076211	0.084295	0.0
Temperature (°C) [sea_water_potential_temperature]{500m}	0.160501	0.210490	0.250238	0.290104	0.324750	0.375482	0.409926	0.0
Salinity (PSU) [sea_water_salinity]{500m}	0.023489	0.035480	0.044684	0.051964	0.057899	0.063656	0.068302	0.0
Meridional current (m/s) [northward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.044358	0.046796	0.046387	0.052382	0.057913	0.071396	0.079146	0.0
Zonal current (m/s) [eastward_sea_water_velocity]{500m}	0.038856	0.042916	0.044921	0.051032	0.056593	0.068455	0.075242	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_mixed_layer_depth_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Missing fraction
Mixed layer depth (m) [ocean_mixed_layer_thickness]{surface}	32.056061	31.488724	27.176094	29.365074	31.077672	33.510499	36.310046	0.0

Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) of geostrophic currents compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.rmsd_of_geostrophic_currents_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 1	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7	Missing fraction
Meridional geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_northward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.075905	0.077710	0.065293	0.074032	0.082044	0.104718	0.118047	0.0
Zonal geostrophic current (m/s) [geostrophic_eastward_sea_water_velocity]{surface}	0.072437	0.074353	0.063975	0.072644	0.080659	0.101265	0.113792	0.0

Deviation of Lagrangian trajectories compared to GLO12 analysis

oceanbench.metrics.deviation_of_lagrangian_trajectories_compared_to_glo12_analysis(
    challenger_dataset,
    region=region,
)

	Lead day 2	Lead day 3	Lead day 4	Lead day 5	Lead day 6	Lead day 7
Lagrangian trajectory deviation (km) []{surface}	8.558413	15.254274	21.148558	27.613453	34.670498	42.666809